============================================= Photoionization data: (last updated: 3/16/96) ============================================= you have to supply cross sections for H I and He II yourself. (check Osterbrock) The following photoionization cross section files are included in this directory: photoionization cross section for He I (file heout11) photoionization cross section for C I-VI (file cout11) photoionization cross section for N I-VII (file nout11) photoionization cross section for O I-VIII (file oout11) The format of these files is the following: (I use cout11 as an example) 6 1 .11510E+02 .29579E+03 .11305E+02 .12399E+02 .13862E-16 .13862E-16 .00000E+00 .12399E+02 .13598E+02 .17037E-16 .17037E-16 .00000E+00 .13598E+02 .15308E+02 .15032E-16 .15032E-16 .00000E+00 .15308E+02 .17233E+02 .13085E-16 .13085E-16 .00000E+00 .17233E+02 .19401E+02 .11332E-16 .11332E-16 .00000E+00 .19401E+02 .21840E+02 .96207E-17 .96207E-17 .00000E+00 .21840E+02 .24587E+02 .82402E-17 .82402E-17 .00000E+00 .24587E+02 .27542E+02 .69727E-17 .69727E-17 .00000E+00 .27542E+02 .30852E+02 .57563E-17 .57563E-17 .00000E+00 .30852E+02 .34560E+02 .46128E-17 .46128E-17 .00000E+00 .34560E+02 .38713E+02 .32650E-17 .32650E-17 .00000E+00 .38713E+02 .43366E+02 .23182E-17 .23182E-17 .00000E+00 .43366E+02 .48578E+02 .16509E-17 .16509E-17 .00000E+00 .48578E+02 .54416E+02 .11756E-17 .11756E-17 .00000E+00 .54416E+02 .61191E+02 .83069E-18 .83069E-18 .00000E+00 .61191E+02 .68809E+02 .58403E-18 .58403E-18 .00000E+00 .68809E+02 .77375E+02 .41084E-18 .41084E-18 .00000E+00 .77375E+02 .87008E+02 .28900E-18 .28900E-18 .00000E+00 .87008E+02 .97840E+02 .20329E-18 .20329E-18 .00000E+00 .97840E+02 .11002E+03 .14300E-18 .14300E-18 .00000E+00 .11002E+03 .12372E+03 .10057E-18 .10057E-18 .00000E+00 .12372E+03 .13912E+03 .70726E-19 .70726E-19 .00000E+00 .13912E+03 .15704E+03 .49325E-19 .49325E-19 .00000E+00 .15704E+03 .17726E+03 .34285E-19 .34285E-19 .00000E+00 .17726E+03 .20009E+03 .23831E-19 .23831E-19 .00000E+00 .20009E+03 .22586E+03 .16565E-19 .16565E-19 .00000E+00 .22586E+03 .25495E+03 .11514E-19 .11514E-19 .00000E+00 .25495E+03 .29740E+03 .25059E-19 .76183E-20 .17441E-19 .29740E+03 .31520E+03 .46408E-18 .55407E-20 .45854E-18 .31520E+03 .32500E+03 .41907E-18 .48496E-20 .41422E-18 .32500E+03 .34300E+03 .39837E-18 .42717E-20 .39410E-18 .34300E+03 .36900E+03 .35020E-18 .35304E-20 .34667E-18 .36900E+03 .39210E+03 .30841E-18 .28881E-20 .30552E-18 .39210E+03 .41240E+03 .27706E-18 .24441E-20 .27461E-18 .41240E+03 .43220E+03 .25335E-18 .21117E-20 .25124E-18 .43220E+03 .44690E+03 .22956E-18 .18718E-20 .22769E-18 .44690E+03 .47100E+03 .21049E-18 .16452E-20 .20884E-18 .47100E+03 .49300E+03 .19064E-18 .14198E-20 .18922E-18 .49300E+03 .51100E+03 .17315E-18 .12563E-20 .17190E-18 .51100E+03 .54600E+03 .15592E-18 .10777E-20 .15484E-18 .54600E+03 .56790E+03 .13774E-18 .91978E-21 .13682E-18 .56790E+03 .58330E+03 .12857E-18 .83292E-21 .12773E-18 .58330E+03 .61380E+03 .11766E-18 .74119E-21 .11692E-18 .61380E+03 .64400E+03 .10523E-18 .63884E-21 .10459E-18 .64400E+03 .66703E+03 .94739E-19 .56387E-21 .94176E-19 .66703E+03 .73932E+03 .80639E-19 .45834E-21 .80181E-19 .73932E+03 .80200E+03 .64480E-19 .34758E-21 .64132E-19 .80200E+03 .87000E+03 .52945E-19 .27224E-21 .52673E-19 .87000E+03 .10340E+04 .37933E-19 .18591E-21 .37747E-19 .10340E+04 .12289E+04 .24100E-19 .11070E-21 .23989E-19 .12289E+04 .14606E+04 .14945E-19 .65914E-22 .14880E-19 .14606E+04 .17359E+04 .90825E-20 .39248E-22 .90433E-20 .17359E+04 .20631E+04 .54219E-20 .23369E-22 .53985E-20 .20631E+04 .24520E+04 .31851E-20 .13915E-22 .31712E-20 .24520E+04 .29142E+04 .18404E-20 .82854E-23 .18321E-20 .29142E+04 .34635E+04 .10363E-20 .49334E-23 .10313E-20 .34635E+04 .41164E+04 .57445E-21 .29375E-23 .57151E-21 .41164E+04 .48924E+04 .31496E-21 .17491E-23 .31321E-21 .48924E+04 .58146E+04 .17269E-21 .10415E-23 .17165E-21 .58146E+04 .69107E+04 .94688E-22 .62013E-24 .94068E-22 .69107E+04 .82133E+04 .51921E-22 .36925E-24 .51552E-22 .82133E+04 .97616E+04 .28472E-22 .21986E-24 .28252E-22 .97616E+04 .11602E+05 .15614E-22 .13091E-24 .15483E-22 .11602E+05 .13789E+05 .85632E-23 .77951E-25 .84852E-23 .13789E+05 .16388E+05 .46966E-23 .46415E-25 .46502E-23 .16388E+05 .23147E+05 .19081E-23 .21327E-25 .18867E-23 6 2 .24309E+02 .31239E+03 .11305E+02 .12399E+02 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 etc. etc. What does the first line mean? 6 1 .11510E+02 .29579E+03 The first column gives the nuclear charge: 6 means Carbon The second column gives the ionization state: 1 means C I The third column gives ionization threshold in eV of L-shell electrons of C I The fourth column gives ionization threshold in eV of K-shell electrons of C I Lines 2-67 give: columns 1-2: upper end lower energy of each energy bin. column 3: Total photoionization cross section column 4: L-shell cross section coulmn 5: K-shell cross section Then everyting is repeated for other ions of Carbon. nout11 and out11 work the same way. heout11 only lists the K-shell cross sections of He I. The mean energy in each energy bin in the integration of photoionization rate and heating rate can be chosen as emean=dsqrt(emin*emax) You do not need more energy bins than I have listed in each file, which means 66 energy bins.